Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 1923-2861 print, 1923-287X online, Open Access |
Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Endocrinol Metab and Elmer Press Inc |
Journal website http://www.jofem.org |
Original Article
Volume 6, Number 6, December 2016, pages 167-171
Genetic Ancestry Is Associated With Systolic Blood Pressure and Glucose in Brazilian Children and Adolescents
Tables
Variable | PAFR (n = 16), mean (SD) | PMIX (n = 122), mean (SD) | PEUR (n = 51), mean (SD) | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Data are reported as means ± SD. P value for ANOVA for continuous variables tested for comparison of frequency between ancestral groups. LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. | ||||
Proportion of African markers | 0.705 (0.1) | 0.374 (0.2) | 0.119 (0.1) | < 0.001 |
Proportion of Amerindian markers | 0.113 (0.1) | 0.202 (0.2) | 0.090 (0.1) | < 0.001 |
Proportion of European markers | 0.182 (0.1) | 0.424 (0.2) | 0.791 (0.1) | < 0.001 |
Age (years) | 11.6 (2.0) | 10.6 (1.9) | 10.2 (2.2) | 0.043 |
Weight (kg) | 46.5 (15.6) | 41.8 (14.7) | 39.9 (15.5) | 0.306 |
Height (cm) | 147.7 (11.7) | 143.9 (12.2) | 141.8 (13.8) | 0.246 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 20.7 (4.6) | 19.6 (4.5) | 19.2 (4.1) | 0.484 |
Percentage of body fat (%) | 32.3 (3.8) | 31.1 (7.8) | 29.5 (8.2) | 0.338 |
Waist circumference (cm) | 70.9 (12.0) | 66.5 (11.3) | 65.0 (13.0) | 0.228 |
Birth weight (kg) | 3.0 (817.3) | 3.0 (662.1) | 3.1 (564.2) | 0.843 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 67.4 (10.1) | 63.2 (9.3) | 60.4 (9.3) | 0.029 |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 107.6 (12.8) | 102.1 (12.7) | 97.1 (13.1) | 0.011 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 161.9 (29.1) | 165.3 (27.4) | 168.4 (31.4) | 0.685 |
HDL-C (mg/dL) | 50.7 (10.1) | 54.8 (12.5) | 55.2 (14.7) | 0.455 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 98.4 (27.6) | 94.1 (25.8) | 95.3 (32.6) | 0.832 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 63.6 (36.9) | 82.0 (37.5) | 89.6 (68.8) | 0.167 |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 84.0 (8.9) | 85.9 (8.1) | 82.2 (7.7) | 0.025 |
Insulin (µU/mL) | 8.2 (4.8) | 8.8 (8.3) | 6.9 (3.8) | 0.415 |
HOMA-IR | 1.8 (1.2) | 1.9 (2.0) | 1.4 (0.8) | 0.329 |
Dependent variable | Independent variables | PAFR, mean (SD) | PMIX, mean (SD) | PEUR, mean (SD) | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Data are reported as mean ± SD. PAFR: predominantly African; PEUR: predominantly European; PMIX: predominantly mixed; BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein- cholesterol; TG: triglycerides. *P value for simple linear regression analysis for distribution of blood pressure and glucose among different ancestral groups adjusted for covariates. a, bSignificant differences between pairs of ancestral groups (PAFR, PMIX, and PEUR). | |||||
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Gender, age | 65.9 (2.3) | 63.1 (0.8) | 61.0 (1.3) | 0.155 |
Gender, age, BMI, WC | 65.7 (2.1) | 63.2 (0.8) | 61.1 (1.2) | 0.143 | |
Gender, age, BMI, WC, glucose, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG | 66.1 (2.1)a | 63.3 (0.8) | 60.9 (1.3)a | 0.097 | |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Gender, age | 106.4 (3.1)a | 102.0 (1.1) | 97.8 (1.8)a | 0.041 |
Gender, age, BMI, WC | 106.3 (3.0)a | 102.0 (1.1)b | 98.0 (1.8)a, b | 0.040 | |
Gender, age, BMI, WC, glucose, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG | 106.8 (3.1)a | 102.2 (1.1)b | 97.3 (1.8)a, b | 0.015 | |
Glucose (mg/dL) | Gender, age | 83.1 (2.0) | 85.9 (0.7)a | 82.6 (1.1)a | 0.037 |
Gender, age, BMI, WC | 83.5 (1.9) | 85.9 (0.7)a | 82.1 (1.1)a | 0.013 | |
Gender, age, BMI, WC, DBP, SBP, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG | 84.7 (2.0) | 85.9 (0.7)a | 81.6 (1.2)a | 0.009 |