Figure 1. Results of the screening strategy for subclinical Cushing’s syndrome in 221 type 2 diabetic patients with poor glycemic control. DST: dexamethasone suppression test.
| Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 1923-2861 print, 1923-287X online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Endocrinol Metab and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.jofem.org |
Original Article
Volume 7, Number 6, December 2017, pages 178-184
Is It Relevant to Screen Subclinical Cushing’s Syndrome in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
Figures
Tables
| Cortisol ≥ 50 nmol/L | Cortisol < 50 nmol/L | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMI: body mass index; ODST: 1-mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein. | |||
| Male (n) | 2 | 66 | 0.18 |
| Female (n) | 11 | 142 | 0.18 |
| Age (years) | 59 ± 8 | 58.6 ± 8.8 | 0.9 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33.65 ± 6.5 | 29.9 ± 5.3 | 0.016 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 104.46 ± 13.4 | 101.5 ± 11.74 | 0.39 |
| Type 2 diabetes duration (years) | 9.38 ± 4.2 | 10.9 ± 6.7 | 0.41 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.73 ± 0.62 | 1.84 ± 1.06 | 0.71 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.46 ± 1.55 | 4.98 ± 1.18 | 0.26 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.08 ± 0.51 | 1.16 ± 0.37 | 0.42 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.03 ± 0.28 | 1.14 ± 0.28 | 0.19 |
| HbA1c (%) | 11.5 ± 2.4 | 10.8 ± 1.8 | 0.22 |
| 1-mg ODST (nmol/L) | 91.8 ± 76.1 | 26.26 ± 8.95 | 0.009 |
| Studies | Number of patients (n) | Inclusion criteria | Screening method (and cut-off value) | Prevalence of SCS, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiodini et al [14] | 294 | T2D Age at diagnosis of diabetes > 30 years 19 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 50 kg/m2 | 1-mg DST (50 nmol/L) | 30 (9.4%) |
| Murakami et al [31] | 90 | T2D Age > 20 years 16 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2 | Midnight serum cortisol (69 nmol/L) + 1-mg DST (83 nmol/L) | 8 (8.9%) |
| Leibowitz et al [28] | 90 | T2D HbA1c > 9% BMI > 25 kg/m2 | 1-mg DST (140 nmol/L) | 3 (3.3%) |
| Caetano et al [25] | 103 | T2D Age > 20 years BMI > 25 kg/m2 | Midnight salivary cortisol (7 nmol/L) + 1-mg DST (50 nmol/L) | 3 (2.9%) |
| Taniguchi et al [10] | 77 | T2D | Midnight serum cortisol (138 nmol/L) | 2 (2.6%) |
| Catargi et al [26] | 200 | T2D BMI > 25 kg/m2 HbA1c > 8% | 1-mg DST (58 nmol/L) | 4 (2%) |
| Reimondo et al [33] | 100 | T2D recently diagnosed | 1-mg DST (110 nmol/L) | 1 (1%) |
| Terzolo et al [13] | 813 | T2D BMI > 25 kg/m2 Age between 18 and 70 years | 1-mg DST (138 nmol/L) | 6 (0.7%) |
| Liu et al [29] | 154 | Elderly male subjects with T2D | Midnight salivary cortisol (4.3 nmol/L) | 0 (0%) |
| Budyal et al [24] | 993 | Outpatients DT2 | 1-mg DST (50 nmol/L) | 0 (0%) |
| Newsome et al [32] | 171 | T2D BMI > 25 kg/m2 Age 18 - 80 years | 1-mg DST (50 nmol/L) | 0 (0%) |
| Gagliardi et al [27] | 101 | T2D Age 40 - 75 years HbA1c > 8% BMI > 25 kg/m2 Waist size > 80 cm (woman) and > 94 cm (man) | Midnight salivary cortisol (13 nmol/L) | 0 (0%) |
| Mullan et al [30] | 201 | T2D HbA1c > 7% BMI > 25 kg/m2 Blood pressure > 140/90 mm Hg | Midnight salivary cortisol (10 nmol/L) | 0 (0%) |